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 18^th May 2006

 

 

The Philosophy of

 

THE  PRINCIPLE  OF  UNIVERSAL  PARALLELISM

 

 Siamak Zandpour

 

    Because I want to transmit the truth and reality as I have perceived it and the only means of transmitting it, is the tool of language i.e. words therefore I have dedicated a special chapter to this subject which is included here in this philosophy of  The Principle of Universal Parallelism under the title A brief analysis of human language .  Because of its paramount importance I suggest to start with this chapter whose results and conclusions become highly crucial in transmitting deeper philosophical and ideological thoughts by using human language.

 

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True useful knowledge is that knowledge which answers and resolves the most important question of humanity,

namely “what am I, and why do I suffer?”

  

 

Summary

 

 

 

    The above principles are the foundation of The "Principle of Universal Parallelism" which is introduced for the first time in this site is based on a completely different philosophical foundation (i.e. the "parallel relationship" as opposed to the cause- effect relationship) having practical applicability for all branches of science. In addition to its practical scientific applicability which opens many new horizons in science and a better understanding of the universe, it has far-reaching implications on conventional philosophical and ideological outlooks having the potential power to neutralize ideological differences and confrontations. Its philosophical aspect will, from a new viewpoint, cover and clarify subjects like cosmology, foundation of mathematics, absolute determinism, dualism, monism and the most important question of namely "what am I, and why do I suffer".

    The Principle of Universal Parallelism as formulated and outlined in this site is the result of the merger of the oriental and occidental mentality which necessarily had to emerge sooner or later at some point in the evolution of science as the world grows into a global village. According this principle all the laws of nature, whether physical, chemical or otherwise are subject to the "parallel relationship". The philosophical foundation of the parallel relationship is independent of the cause- effect relationship but at the same time functions complimentary to it. It means that all the present workable equations of natural laws are already based on the parallel relationship. The parallel relationship can analyze natural phenomenon with greater flexibility and obtain results far ahead of the conventional cause- effect relationship and in this way guide research scientists in the proper direction in their effort to explain nature from the cause- effect relationship point of view.

 

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Introduction

 

Before addressing the philosophy of Universal Parallelism it is recommended and worthwhile to read this introduction and also have a brief overview of its scientific applications. For this purpose the first page of a scientific research paper concerning geo sciences (though it is applicable to all scientific disciplines) and which were recently accepted at international and national conferences on Geo Sciences outlining the application of THE PRINCIPLE OF UNIVERSAL PARALLELISM in earthquake prediction (see reference 9 and 10)  is reproduced below.

 

 

 

In order to ensure a good understanding of this philosophy to most  readers we will emphasise the relevant points by explaining them  in different ways using different examples. This paper should be studied in the same order as presented.

 

 

The ideological aspect of the Principle of Universal Parallelism is quite different and much more sensitive and important than its practical scientific applications which we will understand after reading this paper. Its importance lies in the fact that the main dilemma of humanity is an ideological one. All human miseries are rooted in ideology and Weltanschauung. In the absence of a sound unified ideology social miseries and oppressions will continue. With all the different ideologies (which includes modern sciences, philosophies and religions) present nowadays, each considering itself superior to others, and the way humanity is progressing in terms of technology, science, commerce, living style etc. there will be no future because humanity will annihilate itself – which is not far away - if it does not change the way of its living and thinking. Although different ideologies including modern sciences, various religions with all their branches and sub branches, and different philosophies have many useful things to say, but they also say many things which are very unclear, incomprehensible and not logical. If these unclear points cannot be explained in a convincing manner than the whole ideology or religion concerned will become questionable, or to be more accurate, the interpretation of their propagandist will become questionable. All these different ideologies and their propagandists try to convert the masses to their ideology and enhance their followers. Although they do it with a good intention and believe that they do a good service to mankind and to themselves but that’s not enough. There must be unity, brotherhood, respect for each other and absence of oppression. “That what you like for yourself, like for others too”. This concise statement is, and should be, the central message of any religion.

 

          Due to the diversity of ideologies and the absence of a sound unified ideology acceptable to everyone, each ideological group believes that their ideology is the real true one and superior to other believes. Therefore this results in confrontations, wars (i.e. “holy wars”), and many inhuman activities which mankind has seen in the past ages and also in the present age, and which is still the main dilemma of humanity. If these ideological groups, each claiming to own the real true light and spirituality start confronting and kill each other, then it is natural that most people become “fed up” and take distance of anything concerning religions. Therefore an international effort like the idea of the “Dialogue among Civilizations” is a good plan. Of course it will be a good plan only if its aim and result is to create a sound unified ideology acceptable to everyone. Otherwise without this unified ideology, humanity will reach a dead end – which is not far off – and annihilate itself.

 

          It is the young generation whose future is at stake. The old generation, which holds the power and controls the world affairs has lived its life and for most of them it does not matter much what the future will be and are quite indifferent in this regard. It is only the young generation that can do something. They must start take action right now if they want to survive.

 

That this dead end is not far off in the future can be easily understood by having a brief general overview of human history, especially the known and recorded history. If we take a look at the developments of human history, starting for example from the Stone Age up to now, we will see a certain acceleration of developments in every aspect of human life like knowledge, art, science, inventions, living style, etc. If we would plot these developments onto the timescale, we would obtain a curve that correlates highly with the increase of world population which in our age we call it the “population explosion”. Fig. 1 shows the increase of world population for 2050 years starting from year 1 A.D. (beginning of the Christian calendar) up to the year 2000 along with projections up to 2050 (see reference 2).

 

Fig.1

 

            As we can see, in the first 1000 years the increase is almost insignificant. Then for the next 500 years (i.e. 1000 A.D. to 1500 A.D.) there is a slight upward movement. But the next 500 years (i.e. 1500 A.D. to 2000 A.D.) show significant developments. The speed of acceleration increases tremendously which correlates and is reflected in developments in all spheres of human life. 500 years ago coincides with the discovery of America, the invention of book printing by Gutenberg, Copernicus revolutionizing concept of the universe and our solar- system with the sun as the center and not the earth, etc. This acceleration gained in speed with the inventions of the steam machine, electricity, telephone, etc. Inventions played a major role in these developments. The steam machines and their industrial applications including locomotives, steamboats, etc.; the inventions of electricity, telephone, radio, automobiles, airplanes, television, dynamite, etc; scientific developments in mathematics, physics, chemistry, medicine; the splitting of the atom and its consequences; the invention of computer and internet; and so many other inventions and developments in all spheres of human life changed our world, living style and Weltanschauung. Anybody with some elementary knowledge of history, by comparing the world of 500 years ago with 200 years ago, 100 years ago, 50 years ago, 20 years ago and today, must become aware of the incredible speed of acceleration which changed our world. The important point is to understand that it correlates exactly with the population explosion, and that this acceleration is steadily gaining in speed. This speed will soon reach a certain limit which I call  the “zero point” or “dead-end”. Since it correlates with the population explosion, we can take the increase of world population as a reference. This also holds true according the parallel relationship mentioned in the Principle of Universal Parallelism. The amount of world population has a certain limit which the planet earth with its present condition can carter for. This limit is defined by the living space and the supply of food and water. Right now there is shortage of food, water, energy, employment, etc.

 

            Humanity has reached a certain limit, and if it does not change the way of its living and thinking there will be no future for mankind. Of course according the scientific applicability of Universal Parallelism we can theoretically pinpoint the exact time of this limit, including all the developments leading to this limit or “zero point”. But it should be sufficient to know that all these developments will occur during the next 10 to 30 years at maximum if not sooner. In regard to the time of this limit it is interesting to point out that the ancient civilization of Maya (in south America) who were highly advanced in Astronomy and the preparation of calendars have mentioned the exact date of this limit which has been investigated by scientists and Anthropologists studying the steles and inscriptions at Mayan temple sites (see reference 7). According our Gregorian calendar that date will be the 21^st Dec. 2012, and it has been interpreted as the end of the world. But according to the indigenous Mayan tradition keepers and priests who are authorities on the interpretation of these remarkable, ancient, elegant and relevant Mayan calendars, this date does not mean the End of the world. They say it means that the world and humanity will be transformed from its present stage of ignorance, injustice and oppression into a higher level where it will live in peace, and which will be the most important turning point in human history ever. From 1987 up to 2012 the world will be in a period of transition where there will be colossal, global convergence of environmental destruction, social chaos, war, and ongoing earth changes. In any case, until 2012, humanity will pass through a lot of sufferings. The astronomical significance of 21^st Dec. 2012 is that for the 1^st time in 26000 years, the sun rises to conjunct the intersection of the Milky Way galaxy and the plane of the ecliptic.

 

The important point in the above account of the Mayan calendar is not the exact date of 21^st Dec. 2012. The important point is that this civilization mentioned a date (with an accuracy of few decades more or less) ages ago that correlates with our investigations. According the parallel relationship of Universal Parallelism there is nothing “super natural” about such predictions because there are theoretically feasible.

 

          Many spiritualists and different religions have similar ideas. For example the old scriptures of the Shiite sect (one of the major Islamic sects, see reference 8) give similar accounts with great details. They all believe in a turning point which has been called above as the "zero point", but they also believe that although humanity will experience a lot of sufferings, whether manmade like wars, or natural catastrophes like earthquakes, epidemics, etc., humanity will enter after that "zero point" into a new era which some call it the "golden 1000 years", and humanity will after that not be as before. But anyhow, before that "golden age" humanity has to go through a lot of sufferings and we should be prepared for it. By understanding the ideology of Universal Parallelism properly and deeply enough one will be unmoved by these sufferings.

 

In regard to this aforementioned limit it is also interesting to point out that according the Principle of Universal Parallelism we can infer to this limit by using another phenomena as a reference point. Here we can take for example the phenomena of "Voyager I" as a reference base. Voyager I is an artificial human made satellite, which for exploring our solar system, has been send into the space in 1975. This satellite will by the end of 2003 reach the outer boundaries our solar system i.e. the limit of the sun's influence in our solar system. Even right now this satellite has reached its limit already and cannot send any useful data back to earth. The important point is that with this satellite, humanity was able, for the first time in its history, to probe physically  into the space up to its final limit and obtain informative data. But now it has reached its final limit. Of course it will continue with its travel into space but it will be not useful and is like a dead object. Our nearest neighbor, the star Alpha Centauri is so far away (about 4.3 light years) that it is just a human dream to reach that neighbor. To make it more comprehensible, it would mean that on a small scale model, if we place the planet earth 1 meter away from the sun, then the above nearest neighbor star would be about 270 km away, that is 270000 times further away. Our solar system can be compared to an “isolated” particle or a pulsating cell in space. But for now, it is the final limit of human effort to probe physically so deep into the space. This limit coincides according the parallel relationship with the above-mentioned limit of humanity. The way humanity is progressing it will certainly annihilate itself. Our whole problem is an ideological one.

 

 In view of the global trends in population explosion, very high acceleration in change of ecosystem, AIDS, need for oil, water and food, the global economic structure with its banks and monetary systems which seem outwardly stable, but inwardly are hollow structures on shaky foundations which may crash any moment, and many other fundamental social and environmental problems, the present world situation is comparable to a family sitting in their home and engaging in petty disagreements and activities unaware of the fact that their ceiling has broken away already and will crush them in any moment. Only a new sound and unified ideology may prevent this not so far off Armageddon. The message and ideology of Universal Parallelism can help to provide this united ideology and create a new man.

 

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The Philosophy of the

 

THE  PRINCIPLE  OF  UNIVERSAL  PARALLELISM

 

 

The final conclusion and aim of this ideology and the main message which should be conveyed will be mentioned right now at the beginning of this article. After it we will step by step give its logical explanation and try to understand it deeply.

 

Humans prefer happiness and pleasure, and dislike pain and sorrow. All their activities are aimed to obtain happiness and pleasure more than pain and sorrow. But now at this very outset let us make one point very clear. To experience happiness and pleasure more than its counterpart i.e. pain and sorrow is an impossible undertaking because nature, or better “the justice of nature”, makes us to experience both states in equal measure, whether you are a king or a beggar, whether you are in a “paradise” or in a “hell”. This justice is so perfect that it is not possible to experience on of the two states more than the other. Happiness and pleasure are experienced in order to balance out the exact proportion of pain and sorrow one has experienced. This is the law of nature (i.e. justice of nature) in order to establish the state of equilibrium. In other words, if you have for example experienced 30 percent of happiness (although there is no criteria of what constitute 30 percent of happiness, but nevertheless this example will bring the point home), then you are bound to experience 30 percent of its counterpart, namely sorrow and pain in order to establish the equilibrium. The following simple example will clarify this point more:

 

A man works several years in order to save money for buying an automobile, which he desires very much. The day he acquires his automobile and thus his desire gets fulfilled, he will feel a certain amount of satisfaction and happiness. Now, suppose the next day his automobile gets stolen and disappears. The result will be that he will feel frustration and sorrow exactly in the same proportion to the amount of satisfaction and happiness he experienced when his desire got fulfilled the day earlier.

 

In other words, the amount of attachment we give to a certain object will turn to sorrow in exactly the same proportion when we loose that object.

 

The beggar looks at the king and thinks that the king experiences more happiness then himself. And so also the king looks at the beggar and thinks that the beggar experiences more sorrow than him. This is simply an illusion rooted in ignorance and educational upbringing. Understanding the above mentioned facts will transform you to a new being and give you real inner peace.

 

This illusion of thinking that one can obtain pleasure and happiness more than its counterpart i.e. sorrow and pain is the actual cause of wars, oppression, murder, theft, etc., in short, any undesirable activity which you do not like to happen to you. This illusion is also the cause of so many senseless activities that mankind is engaged in and which will result in its annihilation if it does not change the way of its living and thinking. In this regard, the following parable of “A man digging the ground for water” is appropriate:

 

A man digs the ground with great effort and much sweat in the hope to reach water. But if he would know for certain at the very beginning that there is no water beneath the ground he is digging, then he certainly would not exert his power to dig the ground. Ignorance is the source of hope. If we are 100 percent sure of something, then “hope” has no meaning. Hope becomes meaningful only if we are not certain about something. In the above parable, the effort to dig the ground is similar to the effort of men to obtain the pleasures of life. To know with certainty that there is no water beneath the ground he digs refers to the understanding that pleasure and pain are experienced in equal measures. To abstain or loose the power for digging refers to abstain from senseless activities that are done in the hope to obtain pleasure more than pain. What is meant by senseless activities will become clear later on.

 

We will try to present the ideological aspect as simple and logical as possible. This ideology is a kind of “monism” as opposed to “dualism”. There is no proper term to express the real meaning of this ideology, and the term “monism” is maybe the closest in its meaning, and it would be more appropriate to call it "neo monism". From the perspective of this ideology the present meanings of monism and dualism, or rather our understanding of them, will automatically change and will be seen under a new light. Here we will discuss mainly matters which are known to us as “self-evident truths” and which have been taught to us since childhood and later in schools and universities. Since we have accepted these self-evident truths as commonsense and reality, we base all our reasoning and inferences on these so called self-evident truths without ever questioning their validity and investigate them more closely. Our central aim in this paper will be to prove logically that “positive” is equal to “negative”, and that their apparent duality is non-existent. By proving this seemingly contradictory statement we will obtain results which are of utmost importance and consequence.

 

In dealing with this subject we are in a situation quite similar to the situation when Copernicus tried to explain a simple logical fact, i.e. that the earth is not the flat unmoving center of the universe, but a planet circling the sun. His idea was very much in contradiction with the very deep-rooted believes of those people some 500 years ago. As we know, the reason for that misconception was just the relative viewpoint of the observer. I want to stress the fact that Copernicus used his imaginative faculty to transfer his viewpoint to another position in space from where he could explain the observational facts and data of his time and propound his theory. Deeper understanding of the phenomenal world has been achieved by using the imaginative faculty and simplicity in analytical reasoning. In our analysis, we will use the same.

 

We will start our discussion with a brief overview of our mathematical foundation, and this we shall do with very simple terms so that most people may understand it. Because mathematics holds a strong grip over our technology, science, education, thinking and reasoning it is therefore a proper starting point. In the following section we will discuss it in a very concise form. In the section after it we will explain it in more detail and easier language. With the conclusions then obtained we will discuss non mathematical subjects leading step by step to a final conclusion and message appearing at the end of this paper.

 

The foundation of modern science is based on mathematics which seems to be a solid foundation. But as we shall see later, this foundation is in fact a very weak and shaky foundation because it is based on a reality which is relative, and has nothing to do with the true reality of the existence. Our aim is to understand the true reality. Because the following simple redefinition of our mathematical foundation is of such a great consequence that it deserves a distinct name which I call it the “Equilibrium Theory or Relative Relativity”. This Equilibrium Theory will investigate our present mathematical foundation more closely and show the weakness and illusion of this seemingly all-powerful foundation, and later redefine it from the perspective of the Equilibrium Theory. After that, we will discuss certain matters which will help to obtain a deeper understanding of this new ideology. In fact the Equilibrium Theory is the logical and scientific foundation of this ideology. In the same way as the duality of positive and negative are the two most important factors in our present-day mathematical foundation, in the same way these two factors are the two most important factors in the above theory and ideology.

 

 

 

 

The Equilibrium Theory or Relative Relativity

 

 

Our mathematical foundation

(concise explanation)

 

As we can judge by the existence of protagonists and antagonists among mathematicians regarding the foundation of mathematics (i.e. those who claim that "mathematics is a meaningless game played with meaningless symbols" to those who claim the opposite view [see reference 1: Encyclopedia Britannica, Foundation of Mathematics]), mathematics has no clear foundation whatsoever.

 

Now the below interpretation will resolve the above external differences and show that "paradoxes" do not exist in "reality" and that their existence is just due to our limited relative physical perceptions of the environment. This interpretation will serve as our basis to build the principle of universal parallelism.

 

To interpret the foundation in a proper light we must analyze the subject from its deepest root and founding stone. The founding lies in the definition of the number "one" as opposed to its counterpart the "zero" or "nothing". On the duality of this binary value of 1 and 0 we build the whole structure of mathematics, which in fact is the same principle the mind uses to analyze the physical perceptions of the environment by just deciding between the duality of "Yes" and "No".

 

          Now if we take a closer look at the meaning of the number "one", we will be compelled to look at mathematics from a new point of view.

 

          Because of the apparent divisibility of matter this final single indivisible particle on which we could base the existence of the number 1, is nowhere in nature to find, and our conclusion to its existence is just due to our relative physical perception. It is simply a creation of our mind in order to explain and justify natural phenomenon, therefore we must consider the whole nature i.e. existence in its totality as the "one", which would mean we have to define it as "infinity" which therefore equals "zero", i.e. “one is equal infinity i.e. zero”. This statement that “infinity is equal to zero” is a logical necessity, and although it is a mathematical rule, it is the least understood one and having the greatest consequence. This will be explained in the next section in more detail. Now that infinity is equal to zero therefore "1" becomes equal to zero:

 

1 =  ∞ = 0

 

which means

    

1 = 0

 

 

          Understanding this fact lies in the understanding of the meaning of "infinity" (the most meaningful word in our dictionary) which the more we think and meditate on it, the more we become enlightened. The main controversy regarding the foundation of mathematics revolves around the concept and meaning of “infinity” This seemingly contradictory expression of 1=0 implies that "one" has the equal right to claim to be "zero". In other words, any expression becomes real only when accompanied by its negation. Therefore the negation of the above expression is equally true, i.e.  “One is not equal to zero”:

 

1 ≠ 0

 

          Now because this expression is equally true, therefore we can take the duality principle of "positive" and "negative", i.e. the binary "one" and "zero" as our founding stone to build the Principle of Universal Parallelism, but we should always be aware that its negation is equally true. This awareness will be the central focus of this ideology.

 

 

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A more detailed explanation of the above concise explanation.

 

 

The meaning of numbers

 

A very important point to understand  is  the  fact  that  in any kind of analysis, all the involved factors can be finally reduced to only two factors  which can be called the positive  factor  and  the negative factor. Because of this fact, the whole science of mathematics  can  be  applied  - as a computer does -  by  using  only  two  numbers  or  factors, namely the one and the zero (the binary number system ). These two numbers or factors are the positive and the negative factors. Because the foundation of the science of mathematics is founded on the definition of these very two factors, therefore we center our analysis on these two factors.

 

Now let us take a closer look at the number 1. What does this number 1 mean? NATURE HAS TO PROVIDE THE ANSWER, AND WE MUST LOOK FOR IT IN OUR NATURAL ENVIRONMENT ! In our natural environment we can have, say 1 apple, or 1 house, or 1 atom, or 1 galaxy etc. That which we call “one” is actually a conglomeration of many single “ones”. And because it is a conglomeration of many single “ones”, it is divisible, and it is divisible infinitely. You can keep on going dividing this 1 forever. In other words, it means that you never reach the zero point or "nothing", the same way as you can never reach or express the biggest positive number or its negative counterpart.

 

 

contracting direction    - ∞    to ... , 3 , 2 , 1 ,  0  , 1 , 2 , 3 , ... to  ∞   +  expanding direction

 

 

 

An apple you can keep on dividing until you reach particles, which are called molecules, atoms, quarks, etc. The important point here is that you can keep on dividing theoretically forever, or do you really believe that you can reach theoretically the zero point or the smallest indivisible particle?  From this viewpoint, we do not have the smallest or the indivisible particle. These terms maybe useful in the experimental physics and for those who believe only in results  which  are  experimentally  measurable; but even these people will accept it as a physical truth that a  far off star which is blinking  to us has  a backside  as well  even  without  been  ever  there or measured it  physically. From  the  theoretical point of view, the  quest for obtaining the  “smallest”  particle  is  in  analogy  similar to the quest of reaching the horizon which recedes in the same amount as you approach it.

 

In view of the above reasoning process we would have to define the number “one” as the sum  of  infinite amount  of  particles  or single “ones”. Therefore the definition of the number 1 should be:

 

  

 

 

 

this implies that

 

(1 = 0) = ( ∞ = 0) = ( + = - )

 

and this in turn implies the following seemingly contradictory statement:

 

        (A > B) = (A < B) = (A = B)

 

i.e. (A is greater than B) and this is equal to (A is smaller than B) and this is equal to (A is equal to B).

 

 

 

According the above definition we see that zero is the same as the number 1 because the number 1 has been defined as infinite. Now that the number 1 has become equal to zero therefore “positive” becomes equal to “negative”. The above definition is the central idea of the Equilibrium Theory and will be explained later with a simpler language so as to be comprehensible to most readers.

 

Although  the  statement  that   “infinity is equal to zero”  is one of the mathematical rules, but  many  take  it  too  lightly  and cannot understand the real reasoning behind it. In fact this statement is highly important and can be comprehended with a relative simple analogy:

 

For example imagine that you are the only object in the whole universe and nothing else except you exists in this world. In  this  situation  you  could claim to be the biggest object or the smallest object and both statements  would  be equally true because there is nothing else besides you for comparison; or  you  could as well claim to be the most beautiful person or the most ugly person and  both  claims would be equally true too. In other words you can make any  claim  along  with its contrary claim and both claims would have  the  equal  right  to  be  true. With infinity it is the same. Since infinity requires everything in order to be infinity, therefore there can be nothing besides infinity. In this state, infinity can claim to be everything, or can equally claim to be nothing or zero, because besides infinity there exists nothing to which you could compare and measure.

 

Now if  the  above  definition  is  accepted we would obtain results which appear on the first sight very paradox and difficult  to  comprehend because or thinking process, not being properly trained, is not  used  to  it. For example it would mean that something (for example a 2 meter long ruler) which we consider two times bigger than  something else (for example a 1 meter long ruler), are both in reality equal since both have the equal right to claim to  be the bigger one.

 

 

Further explanations to help comprehending the above points:

 

 

We as the observer of nature are used mainly to observe our surroundings in terms of distances, like far objects or near objects or in other words the 3 dimensions of length, width and height. But actually this 3 dimensional space can be also contracting and expanding, which if taken into consideration, will convey a better idea of the reality of nature. In order to make this point clear, and also to understand better the aforementioned seemingly paradox concepts, let us consider the following example using our imaginative faculty, and make an imaginary journey of contraction.

 

We simply imagine that we make our body smaller and smaller and keep on making ourselves continuously smaller. We would then reach a point where we could for example go into the above ruler and stand on one of its atoms. This atom would become in comparison to our smallness as big as the earth, depending of course to the size of our contraction. And since we continue getting smaller and smaller, this atom will expand in the same proportion and could become as big as, say, a galaxy, and so forth since there is no limit in getting theoretically smaller... Here we see that a  “small”  object  like , say an atom, has  the capacity to hold  infinite number of galaxies, or in other words, that which we consider the “smallest” particle, has the capacity to hold unlimited space and time. It just depends on the size of the observer in terms of contraction and expansion.

 

Imagine  that  people  live on such a  “small” particle in our ruler, and they start  to  investigate  their  environment  in  the  same way as we do it nowadays  on  earth. Imagine the viewpoint of those little observers. Their astronomers  would  be  in  a    situation similar to our astronomers nowadays, always discovering  newer  and  bigger  objects  and  distances. Their nuclear physicists  would  be  confronted  with  a  situation  similar  to our nuclear physicists  on  earth, always  discovering  newer  and  smaller particles. The time-span which those little observers would perceive as, say,  100 billion years would be for us just an insignificant fraction of a second.

 

In the same way as we imagined the above journey of contraction, in the same way we could make an imaginary journey of expansion. We simply imagine expanding ourselves continuously getting bigger and bigger since there is no limit to doing so. There would be a point where we  would  reach  such  a  huge  size, that  in comparison, our present visible universe would  be  just  one  of  the  so-called  “small” particle of another super big object. The  relative  conception  of  time-span would be the same as above but inverted, i.e. a time-span  of  say 100 billion years in our time measurement would  be  for  those  super big  observers just an insignificant fraction of their seconds.

 

In view of the above example we could conclude that our view of the known universe is the inside view of a "super big" particle, which could be for example just another dust particle. The micro- cosmos is an image of the macro- cosmos. In the same way as we have in our macro- cosmos suns, galaxies, black holes, etc., so also in the micro- cosmos we must have suns, galaxies, black holes, solar systems, etc. Another conclusion which we can draw from the fact that the smallest indivisible particle does not exist in the universe is that Matter is infinitely compressionable and therefore our infinite universe has theoretically the capacity to be infinitely compressionable. In other words it has the capacity to be compression able up to a microscopic point. To comprehend this more clearly refer to Appendix 1.

 

Here we understand that contraction and expansion has no limit. Now that there is enough space to expand unlimitedly and enough space to contract unlimitedly, therefore it makes no sense to speak about “small” and “big” as self evident  truths, and  so  also  with all the other concepts which are derived from it like  “far”  versus  “near”, “fast” versus “slow” , “heavy”  versus “light”, “strong” versus “weak”, etc. There are all equal. In order to make the meaning of “equal” very clear consider the following three claims made by three different persons:

 

 1st person: The real size of the sun is  bigger than the real size of an apple  i.e. ( A > B).

 

2nd person: The real size of the sun is smaller than the real size of an apple  i.e. ( A < B) .

 

3rd person: The real size of the sun is   equal to the   real size of an apple  i.e. ( A = B) .

 

 

Now most people would think that according to “sound common sense”, the 1st person is telling the truth and therefore the right is with him. But in  reality  all  the three persons  are equally correct because all the three persons have the  “equal”  right  to  claim  to tell the truth. Such is the meaning and consequences of “positive is equal to negative”.

 

If we accept the conventional statement that 1+1=2, then we are obliged to accept the whole conventional mathematics. Because we have accepted the basic principle, then we are bound to accept all the other mathematical statements as a necessary conclusion. Of course it may be at first difficult to understand higher mathematics, but because we have accepted the basic principle, then step by step we will comprehend and accept complicated higher mathematical formulas. The same holds true with the Equilibrium Theory. If we accept that 1=0, then we will obtain results which at first are difficult to comprehend and appear paradoxical. But because we have accepted the basic principle of 1=0, then step by step we will understand clearly many concepts which at present appear as meaningless and contradictory. If we understand the 3 main principles of Universal Parallelism deeply enough and understand that the order and harmony of the existence is so perfect that there is no room for accidents, then many questions become easily understandable.

 

For example according the Equilibrium Theory, if a stone is thrown towards a glass window and the glass breaks into pieces, the cause of the broken glass has nothing to do with the impact of the stone on the glass. In respect to the time scale, this event had to happen in that year, month, day, hour, minute, second and fractions of seconds. That very stone, and not any other stone, with all its individual properties had to be thrown in that moment from a certain place and with a certain course, momentum and speed onto that very window, and not any other window, and only that glass and not any other glass had to break into certain pieces and into certain forms. Because in respect to the time- axis the stone was thrown first and the glass broke later, we think that the stone was the cause for the braking of the glass. But according the Equilibrium Theory which states that positive is equal to negative, the direction of time- flow is equal to the opposite direction of time- flow, and therefore we could as well say that the broken glass was the cause of the stone being thrown. In other words, cause and effect are exactly opposite. In order to bring our reasoning to its final conclusion, we must conclude that because positive is equal to negative, no cause or reason is actually involved, for the “existence of cause” is equal to its opposite statement i.e. “absence of cause”. Because our mind has accepted relative perceptions as absolute or self- evident truths, it cleverly tries to explain and justify the phenomenal world.